All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna (AIIMS Patna), previously Jaya Prakash Narayan All India Institute of Medical Sciences (JPNAIIMS),[4] is a medical college and medical research public institute located in Phulwari Sharif, Patna, Bihar, India. It is one of the Institutes of National Importance in India. It started operating on 25 September 2012 after a series of observations by the Patna High Court.[5] The institute operates autonomously under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Its foundation was laid by Bhairon Singh Shekhawat on 3 January 2004, during his tenure as vice-president.[4] As of 2018, it became fully functional. 

In 2004, the central government decided to set up new AIIMS at Rishikesh, Bhopal, Patna, Jodhpur, Bhubaneswar and Raipur.[6] Though the foundation stone for the ₹ 350-crore project (2004 estimate) was laid in 2004 during Atal Bihari Vajpayee's tenure,[7] the project was delayed owing to the power shift at the centre, and its cost escalated from ₹3.35 billion (US$42 million) to ₹8.5 billion (US$110 million). As of 2015, AIIMS Patna had been under construction for more than eight years.[8]

The official state of AIIMS Patna was set through an ordinance, which allowed six AIIMS—like institutes to become operational from September 2012.[9] This was replaced by the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences (Amendment) Bill, 2012, which was passed in the Lok Sabha in August of that year[10] and in the Rajya Sabha in September.[11]

AIIMS-P doubled the intake of students into its MBBS course to 100 in 2013 from 50 in 2012.[12] In May 2018, a blood bank and eight new departments were inaugurated.[13][14] In August 2018, an emergency and trauma centre, eight modular operation theatres and an additional 250 beds at the inpatient department (IPD) were inaugurated.[15][16]